Self-reported exposure to traffic pollution in relation to daytime sleepiness and habitual snoring: A questionnaire study in 7 North- European cities

Publication date: Available online 26 August 2016
Source:Sleep Medicine
Author(s): Thorarinn Gislason, Randi Bertelsen, Francisco Gomez Real, Torben Sigsgaard, Karl A Franklin, Eva Lindberg, Christer Janson, Erna Sif Arnardottir, Johan Hellgren, Bryndis Benediktsdottir, Bertil Forsberg, Ane Johannessen
Objective/backgroundLittle is known about associations between traffic exposure and sleep disturbances. We examined if self-reported exposure to traffic is associated with habitual snoring and daytime sleepiness in a general population.MethodsIn the RHINE III study, 12,184 adults answered questions on sleep disturbances and traffic exposure. We analysed bedroom near road with traffic, bedroom with traffic noise, and travelling regularly along busy roads as proxies for traffic exposures, using logistic regression. Adjustment factors were study centre, gender, age, smoking habits, educational level, body mass index, physical activity, obstructive sleep apnoea and sleep duration.ResultsOne in ten lived near a busy road, 6% slept in a bedroom with traffic noise, and 11% travelled regularly along busy roads. Habitual snoring affected 25% and daytime sleepiness 21%. More men reported snoring and more women reported daytime sleepiness. Having a bedroom with traffic noise was associated with snoring (adjusted OR 1.29, [95% CI 1.12, 1.48]). For daytime sleepiness, on the other hand, bedroom with traffic noise and high exposure to traffic pollution were significant risk factors (adjusted ORs 1.46 [1.11, 1.92] and 1.65 [1.11, 2.45]). Results were consistent across study centres.ConclusionsDaytime sleepiness is associated with traffic pollution and traffic noise, while habitual snoring is only associated with traffic noise. Self-reported traffic exposure should be taken into account when diagnosing and planning treatment for patients with sleep disturbances, because reducing noise and pollution exposure in the bedroom may have a beneficial effect.



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