Protective and risk factors associated with adolescent sleep: findings from Australia, Canada and The Netherlands

Publication date: Available online 23 August 2016
Source:Sleep Medicine
Author(s): Kate Bartel, Paul Williamson, Annette van Maanen, Jamie Cassoff, Anne Marie Meijer, Frans Oort, Bärbel Knäuper, Reut Gruber, Michael Gradisar
Sleep is vital for adolescent functioning. This study explored the influence of numerous protective and risk factors on adolescent's school night sleep (bedtime, sleep latency, total sleep time) simultaneously to assess the importance of each one and compare within three countries. Online survey data were collected from Australia, Canada and The Netherlands. Overall, 325 (137 male), 193 (28 male) and 150 (55 male) contributed to data from Australia, Canada and The Netherlands, respectively (age range 12-19yrs). Results from regression analyses were mixed, when comparing protective and risk factors for sleep parameters within different countries, with combined behavioural factors contributing to small to large shared portions of variance in each regression (9-50%). One consistent finding between countries was found, with increased pre-sleep cognitive emotional sleep hygiene related to decreased sleep latency (beta = -.25 to -.33, p <.05). Technology use (mobile phone/internet stop time) was associated with later bedtime, or less total sleep, with the strength of association varying between device and country. Results indicate that when designing interventions for adolescent sleep, multiple lifestyle factors need to be considered, whereas country of residence may play a lesser role.



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