Continuous positive airway pressure treatment impact on memory processes in obstructive sleep apnea patients: a randomized sham-controlled trial

Publication date: Available online 23 August 2016
Source:Sleep Medicine
Author(s): Marie Joyeux-Faure, Bernadette Naegele, Jean-Louis Pepin, Renaud Tamisier, Patrick Levy, Sandrine H. Launois
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the changes in a large panel of memory processes after 6 weeks of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. This randomized controlled trial compared the effect of effective CPAP versus sham CPAP over 6 weeks on different memory processes in OSA patients.MethodsThe study took place in a sleep laboratory and outpatient sleep clinic in a French tertiary-care university hospital. A total of 36 patients with OSA were randomized to receive either CPAP (n = 18) or sham CPAP (n = 18) for 6 weeks. Interventions were either effective CPAP or non-effective sham CPAP, for 6 weeks. All patients underwent an extensive battery of tasks evaluating three separate memory systems, before and after treatment. Verbal episodic memory was tested after forced encoding; procedural memory was tested using simplified versions of mirror drawing and reading tests; and working memory was examined with validated paradigms based on a theoretical model.ResultsThe study subjects were 55 ± 11 years of age and 72.2% were male. The mean body mass index was 29.5 ± 4.1 kg/m² and the apnea−hypopnea index was 37.1 ± 16.3 /h. Prior to treatment, memory performances of OSA patients were altered. In an intention-to treat-analysis, memory deficits were not significantly improved after 6 weeks of effective CPAP compared to sham CPAP treatment. Verbal episodic, procedural and working memory scores were comparable between both groups.ConclusionUsing cautious methodology for comparing effective CPAP to sham CPAP and a well-defined set of memory assessments, we did not find improvement in memory performance after 6 weeks of treatment.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00464659



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