Single and paired pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation in drug naïve epilepsy

Epilepsy is characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures (Fisher et al., 2014; 2005), due to a cortical imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory activity resulting in an increased cortical excitability (McCormick and Contreras, 2001; McNamara, 1994). The electroencephalogram (EEG) is routinely used for epilepsy diagnostics and seizure classification (Berg et al., 2010; King et al., 1998; Krumholz et al., 2007). However, a major limitation of the routine EEG is the moderate sensitivity in epilepsy (King et al., 1998; Krumholz et al., 2007), which has motivated the search for additional techniques to assess cortical excitability.

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