Factors associated with self-reported need for treatment of sleeping difficulties: a randomized survey of the general population

Publication date: Available online 7 June 2016
Source:Sleep Medicine
Author(s): Christina M. Sandlund, Jeanette Westman, Jerker Hetta
ObjectiveTo investigate factors associated with self-reported need for treatment for sleeping difficulties in the general population.MethodsA cross-sectional telephone survey of 1550 people randomly selected from the total population of Sweden. The survey, conducted by Statistics Sweden, the Swedish national statistics agency, was completed by 1115 people aged 18 to 85 years. Participants were asked about sleep patterns, daytime symptoms, physical and mental disorders, use of prescribed hypnotics, help-seeking, and sociodemographic characteristics. They were also asked whether they thought they needed treatment for sleeping difficulties.ResultsA total of 12.5% of the participants reported a need for treatment because of sleeping difficulties. Significantly more women than men reported such a need (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.02-2.10). Additionally, in univariate analyses, older age (age 60-69), sick leave, retirement, and unemployment were associated with self-reported need for treatment, as were several sleep complaints, daytime symptoms, and physical and mental disorders. A logistic regression model that took a number of the explanatory factors into account showed that difficulty initiating sleep (OR 6.29, 95% CI 3.67-10.78) was the factor most strongly associated with self-reported need for treatment for sleeping difficulties. Other important factors were nonrestorative sleep (OR 3.70, 95% CI 2.05-6.69), mental disorder (OR 3.01, 95% CI 1.59-5.67), and fatigue (OR 2.95, 95% CI 1.53-5.68).ConclusionThere was considerable self-reported need for treatment for sleeping difficulties in the population. Difficulty initiating sleep was the factor most strongly associated with this need, followed by nonrestorative sleep, mental disorder, and fatigue.



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