Predictors of severe long-term toxicity after re-irradiation for head and neck cancer

Despite aggressive multimodality treatments involving a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, a large subset of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) face the challenge of recurrent or second primary tumors that arise in tissues that have been previously irradiated. Locoregional recurrences account for approximately half of failures in patients treated with definitive chemoradiation, though control rates are much higher in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancers [1,2].

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