Phonatory Strategies of Male Vocalists in Singing Diatonic Scales With Various Dynamic Shapings

This work aimed to investigate glottal adduction in the case of the singing of diatonic D major ascending scales with different dynamic shapings on vowel [a:] by 10 classically trained male singers. The parameters obtained by inverse filtering—closed quotient (CQ), normalized amplitude quotient (NAQ), and the level difference between the first two partials of the glottal flow waveform spectrum (H1–H2)—all indicated statistically significant systematic changes when singers sang (1) with habitual dynamics without intentional dynamic changes; (2) with sempre crescendo from piano to forte; and (3) with sempre diminuendo from forte to piano.

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