Regeneration of subcutaneous tissue-engineered mandibular condyle in nude mice

Publication date: Available online 4 April 2017
Source:Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Feiyu Wang, Yihui Hu, Dongmei He, Guangdong Zhou, Xiujuan Yang, Edward Ellis
PurposeTo explore the feasibility of regenerating mandibular condyles based on cartilage cell sheet with cell bone-phase scaffold compared with cell-biphasic scaffolds.Materials and MethodsTissue-engineered mandibular condyles were regenerated by the following: 1) cartilage cell sheet+bone-phase scaffold (PCL/HA) seeded with bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) from minipigs (cell sheet group), and 2) cartilage phase scaffold (PGA/PLA) seeded with auricular chondrocytes + bone-phase scaffold seeded with BMSCs from minipigs (biphasic scaffold group). They were implanted subcutaneously in nude mice after being cultured in vitro for different periods of time. After 12 weeks, the mice were sacrificed, and the specimens were harvested and evaluated based on gross appearance and histopathologic observations with hematoxylin and eosin, safranin O-fast green and immumohistochemical staining for collagen I and II. The histopathologic assessment score of condylar cartilage and bone density were compared between the 2 groups using SPSS 17.0 software.ResultsThe 2 groups' specimens all formed mature cartilage-like tissues with numerous chondrocytes, typical cartilage lacuna and abundant cartilage-specific extracellular matrix. The regenerated cartilage was instant, continuous, homogeneous and avascular. In the biphasic scaffold group, there were still a few residual PGA fibers in the cartilage layer. The cartilage and bone interface was established in the 2 groups, and the microchannels of the bone-phase scaffolds were filled with bone tissue. The score of cartilage regeneration in the cell sheet group was a little higher than that in the biphasic scaffold group, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in bone tissue formation between the 2 groups (p>0.05).ConclusionBoth the cartilage cell sheet group and the biphasic scaffold group of nude mice underwent regeneration of condyle-shaped osteochondral composite. Without residual PGA fibers, the cell sheet group might have less chance of immunological rejection compared to biphasic scaffold group.



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