Saliva protein biomarkers to detect oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)

Abstract

In a recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A., Jau-Song Yu et al reported of their generated four–protein biomarker panel consisting of MMP1, KNG1, ANXA2, and HSPA5, as based on a risk-score scheme they established (Yu et al, 2016). This panel showed high sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (80.5%) values in a test set to distinguish OSCC patients' saliva samples from non-OSCC patients' saliva samples. The risk score >0.4 detected 84% of the stage I OSCCs and a significant portion (42%) of the high-risk, visible, oral potentially-malignant disorders (OPMDs). Moreover, among 88 high-risk OPMD patients with available follow-up results, 18 developed OSCC within 5 years; of these nearly 78% had risk scores >0.4. The authors concluded that their four-protein panel may, therefore, offer a clinically effective tool for detecting OSCC and monitoring high-risk OPMDs through a readily available bio-fluid (i.e. saliva).

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