Publication date: May 2018
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 89
Author(s): Chirom Aarti, Ameer Khusro, Rakesh Varghese, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Paul Agastian, Naïf Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Soundharrajan Ilavenil, Ki Choon Choi
ObjectiveTo investigate the probiotic characteristics, anti-Candida activity, and antibiofilm attributes of Hentak derived Lactobacillus pentosus strain LAP1.DesignThe probiotic properties of strain LAP1 was depicted by adapting standard protocols. The anti-Candida and antibiofilm properties of isolate were determined using agar well diffusion assay and ELISA reader test, respectively. The time-kill assay was performed using viable colony count assay. Further, the co-aggregation property of strain LAP1 was determined based on standard methodology.ResultsStrain LAP1 exhibited not only tolerance to acidic pH but also showed resistivity (P ≤ 0.05) to simulated gastric juice exposure. Similarly, the strain was able to tolerate bile salt, showed hyperproteolytic activity, and also depicted susceptibility to most of the antibiotics tested. Auto-aggregation phenomenon (37.5–60%), hydrophobicity nature (42.85%), and survival potentiality of strain LAP1 under freeze-dried condition (9.0 ± 0.01 log CFU/ml) made the isolate a promising probiotic candidate. Cell-free neutralized supernatant (CFNS) of strain LAP1 exhibited potent antifungal activities against C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei with arbitrary unit of 150 ± 4.34, 200 ± 5.21, and 130 ± 5.13 AU/ml, respectively and depicted remarkable reduction in the biofilm formation of respective Candida sp. in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, time-kill assay data provided the growth inhibition of all Candida sp. in a time dependent manner. Additionally, strain LAP1 revealed significant co-aggregate percentage with C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei.ConclusionsL. pentosus strain LAP1 exhibited a good probiotic characteristics, potent anti-Candida activity, and significant antibiofilm property that could be undoubtedly recommended for its vast applications not only in food industries but also as biotherapeutic agent against Candida infections in pharmaceutical industries.
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Τετάρτη 28 Φεβρουαρίου 2018
In vitro investigation on probiotic, anti-Candida, and antibiofilm properties of Lactobacillus pentosus strain LAP1
In vitro investigation on probiotic, anti-Candida, and antibiofilm properties of Lactobacillus pentosus strain LAP1
Publication date: May 2018
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 89
Author(s): Chirom Aarti, Ameer Khusro, Rakesh Varghese, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Paul Agastian, Naïf Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Soundharrajan Ilavenil, Ki Choon Choi
ObjectiveTo investigate the probiotic characteristics, anti-Candida activity, and antibiofilm attributes of Hentak derived Lactobacillus pentosus strain LAP1.DesignThe probiotic properties of strain LAP1 was depicted by adapting standard protocols. The anti-Candida and antibiofilm properties of isolate were determined using agar well diffusion assay and ELISA reader test, respectively. The time-kill assay was performed using viable colony count assay. Further, the co-aggregation property of strain LAP1 was determined based on standard methodology.ResultsStrain LAP1 exhibited not only tolerance to acidic pH but also showed resistivity (P ≤ 0.05) to simulated gastric juice exposure. Similarly, the strain was able to tolerate bile salt, showed hyperproteolytic activity, and also depicted susceptibility to most of the antibiotics tested. Auto-aggregation phenomenon (37.5–60%), hydrophobicity nature (42.85%), and survival potentiality of strain LAP1 under freeze-dried condition (9.0 ± 0.01 log CFU/ml) made the isolate a promising probiotic candidate. Cell-free neutralized supernatant (CFNS) of strain LAP1 exhibited potent antifungal activities against C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei with arbitrary unit of 150 ± 4.34, 200 ± 5.21, and 130 ± 5.13 AU/ml, respectively and depicted remarkable reduction in the biofilm formation of respective Candida sp. in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, time-kill assay data provided the growth inhibition of all Candida sp. in a time dependent manner. Additionally, strain LAP1 revealed significant co-aggregate percentage with C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei.ConclusionsL. pentosus strain LAP1 exhibited a good probiotic characteristics, potent anti-Candida activity, and significant antibiofilm property that could be undoubtedly recommended for its vast applications not only in food industries but also as biotherapeutic agent against Candida infections in pharmaceutical industries.
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Uses of biologics in allergic diseases: what to choose and when
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Tara Vinyette Saco, Amber Pepper, Thomas B. Casale
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The Eosinophil: for better or worse, in sickness and in health
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Bruce S. Bochner
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Epinephrine auto-injector needle lengths can both subcutaneous and periosteal/intraosseous injection be avoided?
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Sten Dreborg, Laura Kim, Gina Tsai, Harold Kim
BackgroundAdministration of epinephrine should be intramuscularly in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh. The length of the epinephrine autoinjector, EAI, needle should assure intramuscular injection.ObjectiveTo discuss suitable needle lengths of EAIs based on ultrasound measurements related to weight.MethodsThe skin to muscle distance (STMD) and skin to bone distance (STBD) was measured by ultrasound on the mid third anterolateral area of the right thigh, applying either high pressure (max)(8 lb.)(HPEAI) or low pressure (min)(LPEAI) on an ultra-sound probe. Three hundred two children and adolescents and 99 adults were included. The STMDmax and STMDmin as well as the STBDmax and STBDmin were estimated.ResultsUsing HPEAIs, the risk of periosteal/intraosseous penetration was 32% in children weighing less than 15 kg. The risk of subcutaneous injection was 12% in adolescents and 33% in adults. With LPEAIs, there was no risk of periosteal/intraosseous injection and the risk of subcutaneous injections in adolescents and adults was less, 2 and 10%, respectively. A new EAI aimed for injection in small children would have no risk of periosteal/intraosseous injection but 71% chance of subcutaneous deposit of epinephrine.ConclusionCommon HPEAIs have a high risk of periosteal/intraosseous penetration in children and subcutaneous injections in overweight and obese adults. The LPEAIs have some risk of subcutaneous injection in adults. HPEAIs 0.1 mg epinephrine and shorter needle has no risk of periosteal/intraosseous injection but a high risk of subcutaneous deposit. For use in adult, over-weight/obese patients, HPEAIs and LPEAIs should have longer needles. Future studies should focus on the triggering pressures and the variations in needle length.
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Hypereosinophilic syndrome presenting acutely with neurologic signs
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Barbara A. Brunet, Rebecca M. Sugg, Patricia Stewart
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The conformation of BSA adsorbed to the surface of single all-dielectric nanoparticles following light-induced heating
Interaction between nanoparticles and biomolecules leads to the formation of biocompatible or bioadverse complexes. Despite the rapid development of nanotechnologies for biology and medicine, relatively little is known about the structure of such complexes. Here, we report on the changes in conformation of a blood protein (bovine serum albumin) adsorbed on surface of single all-dielectric nanoparticles (silicon and germanium) following light-induced heating to 640 K. This protein is considerably more resistant to heat when adsorbed on the nanoparticle than when in solution or the solid state. Intriguingly, with germanium nanoparticles this heat resistance is more pronounced than with silicon. These observations will facilitate biocompatible usage of all-dielectric nanoparticles.
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